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Historiated 'D' with a woman in the form of a skeleton
Watercolour on parchment, from the Book of Hours, Use of Rome (f.174), c. 1480, attrib. to Matteo da Milano
The British Library, London
 

The beginning of the 'Office for the Dead', from the illuminated manuscript Book of Hours, Use of Rome ('The Hours of Dionora of Urbino'), Yates Thompson 7, features a historiated initial 'D' with a striking memento mori theme, possibly depicting Duchess Dionora (Eleonora Gonzaga, Duchess of Urbino). The skeletal figure, draped in richly coloured robes of red and blue with gold embellishments, is a haunting yet elegant reminder of mortality. She wears a delicate white headdress, suggesting noble status, while her exposed bones and hollow eyes contrast sharply with the finery of her clothing. Holding a mirror, she gazes upon her own reflection, which only reinforces the inevitability of decay, a powerful meditation on the transience of beauty and earthly existence. The composition is set against a gold background, enhancing the sense of reverence and significance, while the surrounding illumination features intricate botanical motifs, blue and purple flowers, and curling vines that blend natural elegance with sombre symbolism. The border is adorned with pearls, gemstones, and decorative elements reminiscent of enamelwork, blending material splendour with solemn contemplation. A small roundel to the left contains the Latin inscription Memento Homo ('Remember, O Man').