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Robinet Testard: Ovid's Heroides

Louise of Savoy, mother of Francis I of France, commissioned a French translation of Ovid's Heroides, rendered into the vernacular by Octavien de Saint-Gelais. This work consists of twenty-one epistolary poems—letters penned by figures from classical mythology to their lovers. These poignant missives lay bare the pain of abandonment, neglect, or betrayal suffered by the writers at the hands of those they loved. Fifteen of the letters are from women addressing absent or faithless lovers: Penelope to Odysseus, Phyllis to Demophon, Briseis to Achilles, Phaedra to Hippolytus, Oenone to Paris, Hypsipyle to Jason, Dido to Aeneas, Hermione to Orestes, Deianeira to Hercules, Ariadne to Theseus, Canace to Macareus, Medea to Jason, Laodamia to Protesilaus, Hypermnestra to Lynceus, and Sappho to Phaon. The remaining six letters form paired exchanges between lovers—three sets of responses: Paris and Helen, Leander and Hero, Cydippe and Acontius. Completed in 1496–97, Testard captures the emotional intensity of Ovid’s heroines, sharpening the portrayal of longing, love, and betrayal in their voices. The visual and poetic elements together reveal the inner worlds of these mythological characters.


Robinet Testard