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Imperial
Fabergé Eggs |
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The
Fabergé imperial eggs are a collection of 52 jewelled
Easter eggs, crafted by the House of Fabergé, from
1885 to 1917. They were first commissioned by Tsar Alexander
III as Easter presents for his wife, Maria Feodorovna, the
Hen Egg being the first in the series. Their son,
Tsar Nicholas II, continued the tradition and gave them
as presents to his mother, and also his wife, Alexandra
Feodorovna. These eggs represent the most celebrated creations
of the House of Fabergé during that period. Historical records
suggest a total production of up to 69 eggs, but the imperial
series remains the most renowned. They were crafted from
various precious materials such as gold, platinum, diamonds,
and other gemstones, and a range of techniques, such as
intricate enamelling to create lifelike details on the surfaces,
while some eggs incorporated hardstone carving or guilloché.
The size and complexity of the eggs vary; some are relatively
small and simple, while others are quite large and feature
elaborate mechanisms. Notably, some eggs contain hidden
surprises within, such as miniature portraits, clocks, or
even working models of animals or vehicles. Each design
was left to Fabergé's imagination, and he would surprise
the imperial family when presenting the eggs at Easter.
Following the tumultuous events of the Russian Revolution,
the Soviet government confiscated the imperial family's
property, including the eggs. They subsequently sold a significant
portion of the collection to raise funds for the new regime.
Today, these treasures are dispersed across the globe, housed
in museums and private collections.
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| Year[1] |
Name(s) |
Medium |
Dim.
cm[2]
|
Artist |
Surprise |
Recipient |
Current
Owner |
|
1885 |
First
Hen Egg |
Gold,
enamel, rubies |
E: l. 6.4
S (hen): l. 3.5 |
Erik
Kollin (attrib.) |
Golden yolk with hen; also crown and pendant [lost] |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
Fabergé Museum, Saint Petersburg |
|
1886 |
Egg
with Hen in Basket (Hen with Sapphire Pendant) [lost] |
Gold,
diamonds, sapphire |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Hen taking a sapphire out of a nest/wicker basket |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
Unknown |
|
|
1887 |
Third
Imperial Egg |
Gold,
Sapphires, diamonds, enamel |
8.2 |
E:
August Holmström
S: Vacheron & Constantin |
Lady's watch |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
Private
collection |
|
|
1888 |
Cherub
Egg with Chariot (Angel with Egg in Chariot) [lost] |
Gold,
diamonds, sapphire, silver gilt? |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Clock? |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
Unknown |
|
|
1889 |
Nécessaire
Egg |
Gold,
diamonds, rubies, sapphire, emeralds |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Thirteen toilet articles |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
Unknown |
|
1890 |
Danish
Palaces Egg |
Gold,
enamel, sapphire, emeralds, diamonds, velvet, watercolour on
mother-of-pearl |
E: h. 10.2, d. 6.7 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin
MP: Konstantin Krijitski |
Screen with ten mother-of-pearl panels displaying watercolours
of the Tsarina's palaces and yachts |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
Matilda Geddings Gray Foundation, Louisiana |
|
1891 |
Memory
of Azov Egg |
Jasper,
gold, diamonds, rubies, platinum, aquamarine, velvet
|
E: l. 9.3
d. 7
S: l. 7.5 |
E: Mikhail Perkhin
S: August Holmström
|
Model of the Imperial Russian Navy cruiser Memory of Azov |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
|
1892 |
Diamond
Trellis Egg |
Bowenite,
gold, diamonds, satin, ivory, enamel, brass, nickel |
E: 10.8
S: 6.0 x 5.5 x 3.4 |
E:
August Holmström
S: Mikhail Perkhin |
Elephant automaton |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
E: Houston Museum of Natural Science
S: Royal Collection Trust, London |
|
1893 |
Caucasus
Egg |
Gold,
silver, platinum, enamel, diamonds, pearls, watercolour on ivory |
E: h. 9.2,
d. 7.3 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin
MP: Konstantin Krijitski |
Four paintings of the Caucasus home of Grand Duke George |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
Matilda Geddings Gray Foundation, Louisiana |
|
1894 |
Renaissance
Egg |
Egg:
white agate, gold, enamel, diamonds, rubies |
E: l. 13.3
h. 8.2 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin |
Lost, but possibly the smaller Resurrection Egg |
Empress
Maria Feodorovna |
Fabergé Museum, Saint Petersburg |
|
|
1895 |
Rosebud
Egg |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, velvet lining, rubies |
E: h. 7.4
S: l. 3 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin |
Yellow rosebud, containing a crown and ruby pendant |
Empress Alexandra Feodorovna |
Fabergé Museum, Saint Petersburg |
|
1895 |
Blue
Serpent Clock Egg |
Gold,
diamonds, enamel |
18.3 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin |
None |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Prince Albert II of Monaco |
|
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1896 |
Revolving
Miniatures Egg |
Rock
crystal, gold, emerald, diamonds, enamel, watercolour on ivory |
E: h. 24.8,
d. 9.8 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin
S: Johannes Zehngraf |
Twelve miniature paintings revolving around a central shaft
depicting the empress' homes |
Empress Alexandra Feodorovna |
Virginia Museum of Fine Arts |
|
1896 |
Alexander
III Portraits Egg (Twelve Panel Egg; Twelve Monogram Egg) |
Gold,
diamonds, enamel, sapphires, possibly watercolour on ivory,
satin |
E:
h. 7.9,
d. 5.6 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin
S: Johannes Zehngraf?; Peter Carl Fabergé |
Six miniature portraits of Alexander III in folding frame [paintings
lost] |
Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Hillwood Museum, Washington DC |
|
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1897 |
Coronation
Egg |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, platinum, rubies, rock crystal, velvet |
E: 12.7
S: 9.3 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin, Henrik Wigström
S: Georg Stein |
S1: model of the coronation coach
S2: diamond/
emerald pendant [lost, along with case for S1, and stand for
egg] |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Fabergé Museum, Saint Petersburg |
|
1897 |
Mauve
Egg [surprise only, egg is lost] |
Gold,
diamonds, enamel, pearls, rock crystal, watercolour on ivory |
E:
?
S: 8.2 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin?
MP: Johannes Zeingraph |
Heart-shaped frame with three miniature portraits of Tsar Nicholas
II, Alexandra and daughter Olga |
Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Fabergé
Museum, Saint Petersburg [surprise only] |
|
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1898 |
Lilies of the Valley Egg |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, rubies, pearls, rock crystal, watercolour
on ivory |
E: h. 15.1
(unopened)
E: 19.9
(opened) |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin
S-MP: Johannes Zehngraf |
Miniature paintings of the Tsar and his first two daughters |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Fabergé
Museum, Saint Petersburg |
|
1898 |
Pelican
Egg |
Gold, diamonds, pearls, enamel, watercolour on ivory |
E: h. 10.2
d. 5.4 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin
S-MP: Johannes Zehngraf |
Miniatures of educational/
charitable institutions |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Virginia Museum of Fine Arts |
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1899 |
Madonna
Lily Clock Egg (Bouquet of Lilies Clock) |
Gold,
platinum, diamonds, chalcedony, enamel, ruby |
E: h. 27 |
Mikhail
Perkhin |
Pendant
[lost] |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
|
1899 |
Pansy
Egg |
Nephrite,
silver-gilt, diamonds, enamel, pearls, mother-of-pearl |
E: h. 14.6 |
Mikhail
Perkhin |
Heart-shaped easel with eleven miniature portraits of members
of the imperial family |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Matilda Geddings Gray Foundation, Louisiana |
|
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1900 |
Trans-Siberian
Railway Egg |
Gold,
silver, enamel, onyx, velvet, platinum, diamonds, rubies, rock
crystal |
E: h. 26
S: l. 39.8 |
Mikhail
Perkhin |
Miniature replica of the Trans-Siberian Railway |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
|
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1900 |
Cockerel
Egg (Cuckoo Clock Egg) |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, rubies, pearls, natural feathers |
20.3 |
E
& S: Mikhail Perkhin |
Singing bird rises when button is pressed |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Fabergé Museum, Saint Petersburg |
|
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1901 |
Basket of Flowers Egg |
Silver,
parcel-gilt, gold, enamel, diamonds |
h. 23
d. 10 |
Mikhail
Perkhin? |
None |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Royal Collection Trust, London |
|
1901 |
Gatchina
Palace Egg |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, pearls, velvet |
E: h. 12.7
d. 9.1 |
Mikhail
Perkhin |
Model of Gatchina Palace |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland |
|
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1902 |
Clover
Leaf Egg |
Gold,
platinum, rubies, diamonds, enamel, watercolour on ivory or
mother-of-pearl? |
9.8 (with stand) |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin? |
Clover leaf holding four miniature paintings [lost] |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
|
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1902 |
Empire
Nephrite Egg (Alexander III Medallion Egg)[3] |
Nephrite,
gold, steel, pearls, and diamonds, watercolour on ivory or mother-of
pearl? |
E:
h. 9.5
d. 6.3
(overall 21.5)
|
E:
Mikhail Perkhin |
Miniature portrait of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia
and Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg [lost] |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Private
collection |
|
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1903 |
Peter
the Great Egg |
Gold,
enamel, rubies, diamonds, rock crystal, watercolour on ivory,
bronze, sapphire |
E: h. 11.1
d. 8.3
S: 3.9 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin
MP: Vasilli Zuievn |
Miniature Peter the Great statue |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Virginia Museum of Fine Arts |
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| 1903 |
Royal
Danish Egg (Danish Jubilee Egg) |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds; watercolour on ivory? |
E: c. 27.5 |
E:
Mikhail Perkhin? |
Double-sided miniature screen with portraits of the King and
Queen of Denmark |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Unknown |
|
1904–05
Russo-Japanese War - no eggs presented |
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1906[4] |
Moscow
Kremlin Egg |
Onyx,
gold, silver, enamel, glass, oil paint |
E: h. 36.1 |
Unknown |
Music box that plays hymns |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
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1906 |
Swan
Egg |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, diamonds, silver-plated gold, aquamarine |
E: h. 10
S: l. 5.5 |
Unknown |
Mechanical swan with miniature lake |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Fondation Edouard et Maurice Sandoz, Switzerland |
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1907 |
Rose
Trellis Egg |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, satin, watercolour on ivory |
E: h. 7.7
d. 5.8 |
Henrik
Wigström |
Diamond chain with miniature painting of Tsarevich Alexis [lost] |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland |
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1907 |
Love
Trophies Egg (Cradle with Garlands) |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, rubies, pearls, white onyx, silk, watercolour
(on ivory?) |
14.6 |
Henrik
Wigström |
Miniature painting of the imperial children in an easel [lost] |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Private collection |
|
| 1908 |
Alexander
Palace Egg |
Gold,
diamonds, rubies, nephrite, silver, rock crystal, wood, glass,
watercolour on ivory |
E:
h.11,
d. 6.8
S: 3 x 6.5 |
E:
Henrik Wigström |
Model of Alexander Palace |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
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1908 |
Peacock
Egg |
Rock
crystal, silver-gilt, gold, enamel, diamonds, rubies |
E: h. 19
d. 16.5
S: l. 11
|
E:
Henrik Wigström S: Semion Dorofeiev |
Mechanical peacock |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Fondation Edouard et Maurice Sandoz, Switzerland |
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1909 |
Standart
Egg |
Gold, diamonds, pearls, lapis lazuli, rock crystal, enamel,
platinum |
E: h. 15.3
S: 2.0 x 7.5 |
Henrik
Wigström |
Model of the Standart yacht |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
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1909 |
Alexander
III Commemorative Egg [lost] |
Platinum,
gold, enamel, diamonds, lapis lazuli |
E:
h. 9.5 |
Henrik
Wigström? |
Bust of Alexander III on pedestal |
Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Unknown |
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1910 |
Colonnade
Egg |
Bowenite,
gold, diamonds, silver-gilt, platinum, enamel |
28.6 |
Henrik
Wigström; Henry Moser & Cie (clock) |
None |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Royal Collection Trust, London |
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1910 |
Alexander
III Equestrian Egg |
Platinum,
diamonds, rock crystal, gold, lapis lazuli |
E: h. 15.5
S: 5 x 7.5 |
Unknown |
Statue of Alexander III on horseback |
Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
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1911 |
Fifteenth
Anniversary Egg |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, rock crystal, watercolour on ivory |
E: h. 13.2
Case: h. 21.3 |
E:
Henrik Wigström;
MP: Vasilii Zuiev |
None |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Fabergé Museum, Saint Petersburg |
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1911 |
Bay
Tree Egg (Orange Tree Egg) |
Gold,
enamel, nephrite, diamonds, rubies, amethysts, citrines, pearls,
onyx, feathers |
E: h. 27.3
(closed)
h. 30 (open)
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Unknown |
Singing bird rises when a jewel is pressed |
Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Fabergé Museum, Saint Petersburg |
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1912 |
Tsarevich
Egg |
Gold,
lapis lazuli, diamonds, platinum, watercolour on ivory |
E: h. 12.5
d. 8.9 |
E:
Henrik Wigström |
Miniature painting of Tsarevich Alexis on an Imperial eagle
easel |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Virginia Museum of Fine Arts |
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1912 |
Napoleonic
Egg (Imperial Napoleonic Egg) |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, velvet, silk, platinum, gouache on ivory |
E: h. 11.7
d. 8.9
S-MP: unknown |
E:
Henrik Wigström
S-MP: Vasilii Zuiev |
Miniature screen with six paintings of the dowager empress'
regiments |
Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Matilda Geddings Gray Foundation, Louisiana |
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1913 |
Romanov
Tercentenary Egg |
Gold,
silver, diamonds, turquoise, rock crystal, enamel, watercolour
on ivory, steel |
E: h. 19
d. 7.8 |
E:
Henrik Wigström MP: Vasilii Zuiev |
Miniature globe with one half depicting Russia in 1613 and the
other half, Russia in 1913 |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
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1913 |
Winter
Egg |
Rock
crystal, platinum, diamonds, moonstone, gold, quartz, nephrite,
demantoid garnets |
E: h. 14.2
S: h. 8.2 |
Albert
Holmström |
Basket of flowers |
Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Emir of Qatar |
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1914 |
Mosaic
Egg |
Gold, platinum, diamonds, rubies, emeralds, topazes, sapphires,
garnets, half-pearls, moonstone, enamel, enamel, ivory |
E: h. 9.5
d. 7.0
S: h. 7.9
l. 5.5 |
Albert
Holmström, Alma Theresia Pihl |
Pedestal with medallion of the imperial children and basket
of flowers |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Royal
Collection Trust, London |
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1914 |
Catherine
the Great Egg (Pink Cameo Egg, Grisaille) |
Gold,
enamel, diamonds, seed pearls, velvet lining, diamonds? |
E: h 12.1,
d 8.9 |
E:
attrib. to Henrik Wigström
MP: Vasilii Zuiev
S: Andrei Plotnitskii
|
Mechanical sedan chair with Catherine the Great, carried by
two blackamoors [lost] |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Hillwood Museum, Washington DC |
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1915 |
Red
Cross Triptych Egg |
Silver,
gold, enamel, watercolour on gold, glass |
E: h. 8.6
d. 6.4 |
E:
Henrik Wigström
MP: Vasilii Zuiev?
|
Triptych of Orthodox icons |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio |
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1915 |
Red
Cross Portraits Egg |
Silver,
gold, enamel, mother-of-pearl, watercolour on ivory |
E: h. 7.6
d. 6 |
E:
Henrik Wigström
MP: Vasilii Zuiev
|
Folding screen with miniature portraits of members of the imperial
family serving as Red Cross nurses |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Virginia Museum of Fine Arts |
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1916 |
Steel
Military Egg |
Gold,
steel, jade, enamel, nephrite, silk, velvet, watercolour on
ivory |
E: h 16.7
S-MP: 6.5 |
E:
Henrik Wigström
MP: Vasilii Zuiev
|
Miniature on easel of Tsar Nicholas II, Tsarevich Alexis, and
officers |
Empress
Alexandra Feodorovna |
Kremlin Armoury, Moscow |
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1916 |
Order
of St George (Cross of St George Egg) |
Silver,
gold, enamel, rock crystal, watercolour on ivory |
E: h. 9 |
E: unknown S-MP: Vasilii Zuiev? |
Miniature portraits of Nicholas II and his son Alexis |
Dowager
Empress Maria Feodorovna |
Fabergé Museum, Saint Petersburg |
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1917 |
Blue
Tsarevich Constellation Egg [incomplete][5] |
Glass,
diamonds, silver?, rock crystal, nephrite |
E: 22, with base |
E:
Henrik Wigström |
Clock? |
None |
Fersman
Mineralogical Museum, Moscow |
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1917 |
Karelian
Birch Egg[3] |
Karelian
birch, gold, sapphire, silver, diamonds, enamel |
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E:
Henrik Wigström |
Possibly a mechanical elephant [lost] |
None |
Fabergé Museum, Baden-Baden |
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Notes
1. Year presented
2. Dimensions in cm: H = height, D = diameter
3. Authenticity questioned
4. Created in 1904, presentation delayed due to the Russo-Japanese
War of 1904–05.
5. This egg was never finished due to the war. It was intended
to contain a clock. The two halves of the egg of blue glass,
and the crystal base in the form of clouds are the only pieces
that were found from this egg in 2001 at the Fersman Mineralogical
Museum. Alexander Ivanov, director of the Fabergé Museum in
Baden-Baden, claims that the complete, genuine egg is in fact
housed in his museum, although this is disputed by experts.
For that version see
here.
E = egg
MP = miniature paintings
S = surprise |
Source:
1. Toby Faber. Fabergé's Eggs. The Extraordinary
Story of the Masterpieces that Outlived an Empire. New
York: Random House, 2008.
2. Fabergé Museum, Saint Petersburg, 2023.
3. Fabergé Research Site, 2023.
4. Karl Gustavovich. Fabergé Eggs site, 2023.
5. O. Flores Alvarez. Fabergé: From a Snowflake
to an Iceberg – The Mcferrin Collection, Houston
Press, 19 March 2015.
6. The Art Newspaper, 30 June 2005.
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