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Genealogical Tree of the Kings of Portugal: First Table of Kings
Illuminated manuscript (MS 12531), f. 4r, by Simon Bening and Antonio de Holanda, 1530–1534
The British Museum, London


Bottom tier:
A crowned Alfonso I, king of Portugal (†1185), son of Enrique, beside his queen, a kneeling Mafalda of Savoy.
Middle tier: the children of Alfonso and Mafalda, with King Sancho I (†1211) in the centre, Pedro Alfonso and Urraca Alfonso on the left, and Teresa, Mafalda (looking at her mirror) and Urraca on the right.
Top tier: Some of the children of Sancho I, including Gil Sánchez, Teresa, Constanza, Rodrigo Sánchez, Martín Sánchez, Urraca Sánchez, Enrique, Pedro, Fernando, and King Alfonso II.
Left margin: two battles, possibly Ourique in 1139 at the top, and below this, the battle of Valdevez of 1141 between Alfonso I of Portugal and Alfonso VII of Leon.
Lower margin: the port of Lisbon.


This unfinished manuscript was intended to show the descent and alliances of the Royal Houses of Spain and Portugal, from the earliest times to the beginning of the 16th century. Executed for the Infante Don Fernando, it was a collaborative effort drawn on thirteen leaves of parchment by Antonio de Holanda. Simon Bening illuminated folios 2, 4, 5, 5*, and 10, whilst de Holanda illuminated folios 1, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 9*. Folio 11r remains unpainted.